ὕστερον δὲ καρπὸν εἰρηνικὸν τοῖς δι᾽ αὐτῆς γεγυμνασμένοις ἀποδίδωσιν δικαιοσύνης. VERSE 4 Οὔπω μέχρις αἵματος ἀντικατέστητε … you have not yet resisted to the point of shedding your blood. Ἀντικατέστητε is the 2nd pl. aor. act. indic. of ἀντικαθίστημι, “resist” (most EVV; BDAG 88d). This vb. recalls ἀντιλογίαν in v. 3 (Ellingworth 645). Οὔπω (“not yet” [most EVV; BDAG 737b]) modifies ἀντικατέστητε. Μέχρι (μέχρις before vowels) is a marker that indicates measure, “to the point of” (most
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